The preparation of Annual Financial Statements generally includes:
Ensuring that bookkeeping and accounting records are complete and accurate
Reconciling bank accounts, loans, creditors, debtors, VAT, payroll, and other balances
Correcting accounting errors, omissions, misallocations, and inconsistencies where necessary
Processing year-end accounting adjustments and journals
Preparing schedules and supporting working papers
Calculating depreciation, accruals, provisions, and other year-end adjustments
Reviewing director/shareholder loan accounts and intercompany balances
Assessing tax-related balances and ensuring alignment with SARS submissions where applicable
Preparing the full Annual Financial Statements in accordance with the applicable accounting framework
Reviewing and analysing the business’s accounting records and supporting documentation
Compiling supporting reports and management insights where required
Depending on the nature and size of the business, Annual Financial Statements may include:
Statement of Financial Position (Balance Sheet)
Statement of Profit or Loss (Income Statement)
Statement of Changes in Equity
Cash Flow Statement
Notes to the Financial Statements
Accounting Policies
Supporting schedules and disclosures
A business owner has:
The bookkeeping just hasn't been done.
In this case, the accountant's role is primarily to:
Catch-up work is generally:
The accountant knows what happened; they simply need to record it.
Imagine a diary that has not been written in for a year. All the information exists; someone just needs to fill in the missing pages.
, or unreliable.
The business has:
However:
The accountant must investigate and correct the records.
Clean-up work is generally:
The challenge is not recording transactions; it is determining what is correct and what is incorrect.
Instead of filling in blank diary pages, you are trying to determine which pages contain incorrect information and reconstruct what actually happened.
Usually priced based on:
Usually priced higher because:
A clean-up project can sometimes take longer than preparing the original records because the accountant is effectively acting as a financial detective.
The most costly engagements are usually a combination of both.
For example:
A business approaches an accountant saying:
"We haven't done bookkeeping for two years, and the accounting software doesn't match the bank account."
Now the accountant must:
This becomes a catch-up and clean-up engagement, which can require substantial professional time and expertise.